It was one of several cartridges developed by Theodor Bergmann for his Bergmann "Mars" Model 1903 pistol, which was available in several chamberings. Strictly speaking, these may not be two different cartridges, but a strong argument can be made for considering them as such. After WWII, 9mm Largo loads often pushed a 125gr bullet as fast as 1,200 fps, which raises pressures past the 35,000 psi mark.Īlternate names: 9mm Largo, 9x23mm Largo, and 9mm/38 355, or the same as 9x17mm, 9x19mm, 9x21mm, and the other 9x23mm cartridges. By 1913, 9mm Largo loads had a bullet diameter of. 354, and the earliest loads with this bullet diameter appear to have been slightly weaker. Military 9mm Largo loads generally have a nominal velocity of 1,100 fps with a 125gr bullet. Despite its considerable popularity, 9mm Largo arms have been gradually replaced by 9mm Parabellum handguns and submachine guns since the late 1970s. Some nations in South America still use 9mm Largo as a police cartridge, and ammunition is available in Europe and the Americas. The military and police of several Central and South American nations issued Astra, Star, and Llama pistols in 9x23mm Largo at one time or another. Llama also manufactured 9mm Largo pistols. Since the later Star pistols could withstand much more powerful loadings, later 9mm Largo ammunition is often much higher in velocity and pressure. These are locked-breech pistols that resemble the Colt M-1911A1 externally, but they have little internal similarities. After the Spanish Civil War, Spain retained the 9mm Largo cartridge, but the military switched over to the Star Model A, followed by the Star M, and Star Super (aka Super B). This was a blowback design, as was the Astra Model 1921 (known commercially as the Astra 400), which replaced it in 1921. In 1913, Spain adopted the Campo Giro Model 1913. The differences will be fully explained on the entry on the Bergmann cartridges.ĩmm Largo remained the standard Spanish service pistol cartridge for approximately seventy years, and a number of pistols have been chambered in this cartridge. 9mm Largo is often described as identical to 9mm Bergmann-Bayard, but this is misleading. As such, the 9mm Largo cartridge evolved over time. This cartridge was renamed "9mm Largo," which is Spanish for "long." 9mm Largo was used extensively by the Spanish armed forces until Spain joined NATO. 9mm Largo: 9mm Largo was initially adopted by the Spanish Army in 1905 along with the Bergmann "Mars" Model 1903 pistol, which fired the 9mm Bergmann cartridge of 1898.
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